The workpiece has a mind of its own, and the operator must be the liaison between the tools and the workpiece to overcome what the material doesn't "understand." This is especially true of square and rectangular materials that generate unique problems that usually require blacksmithing knowledge to correct. This is because the workpiece being formed does not know what the tools are telling it to do. Getting the Material to CooperateĪll the available modern tools-sophisticated mathematical formulas, computer-generated programs, and CNC bending machines-may not create the desired product. Bending methods are the same for round, square, and rectangular material:Īs with all bent parts, the customer's tolerances and appearance requirements help determine the proper method. However, at least three must be known to produce a bent section.Īfter the information is collected and analyzed, the appropriate method of bending is chosen.
It isn't necessary to know all six parameters. The basics of bending are the same for all material in that certain information is required to produce an accurate part (see Figure 1): Similarities Between Bending Round and Rectangular Tubing While the procedures are the same for bending round, rectangular, and square material, square and rectangular tube require special consideration.
The underlying concepts of bending tubing are the same as those used by blacksmiths for centuries, developed long before the slide rule, the calculator, or the desktop computer. However, the principles aren't based solely on modern gadgets and sophisticated mathematics. Bending dies are designed with computer software, bending machines are computer-controlled, and the stresses and strains can be predicted accurately with mathematics. The process of bending tubing is based largely on modern science and technology.
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